移民或投资最好的12个欧洲国家

Most countries in the world offer a deal offering fast-tracked residency permits and, ultimately, citizenship in return for investments in local businesses and property.

全世界大多数国家都允许人们通过投资当地生意或房产快速取得永久居住许可，并最终获得公民资格。

With the UK voting to leave the European Union, it is becoming more attractive for wealthy Brits to look elsewhere for access to the European single market and the freedom of movement to travel and work across the 28-nation trading bloc.

英国举行脱欧公投后，对该国富人来说，通过其他国家进入欧洲单一市场，并获得在28个国家组成的贸易组织里旅行和工作的自由变得更具吸引力。

A study by citizenship consultancy firm Henley and Partners analysed the programmes offered by different governments across the world, ranking them by value, quality and reputation among other metrics.

公民资格咨询公司Henley and Partners进行了一项研究，他们分析了全世界不同政府的移民程序，依据其价值、质量以及其他指标上的声誉对它们进行排序。

Here are the EU countries that performed the best for cheap and easy access to residency.

下面是欧盟国家中获得永久居住权最容易且便宜的国家。

12. Bulgaria - A deposit of around €500,000 in a Bulgarian government bond portfolio for five years is enough to qualify for Bulgaria's residency programme.

保加利亚——花50万欧元购买五年的保加利亚政府债券投资组合，就可以获得保加利亚永久居住权计划的资格。

11. Greece - After being granted a so-called "D" visa, investors can apply for Greek residency after purchasing properties with a total value of €250,000.

希腊——在获得所谓的“D”签证后，投资者可以通过购买总价值超过25万欧元的房产来申请该国的永久居住权。

10. Cyprus - The Mediterranean island offers a low corporation tax of 12.5% for residents' businesses but to apply you need to buy a property worth more than €300,000.

塞浦路斯——这个地中海岛屿国家向该国居民的公司提供12.5%的低企业税，但你需要购买一处价格超过30万欧元的房产才能申请。

9. Monaco - Residents of Monaco are not subject to income tax, capital gains tax or wealth tax and are able to travel visa-free to all Schengen area countries.

摩纳哥——摩纳哥的居民不需要缴纳所得税、资本收益税或财产税，而且去所有申根国家旅游都免签。

8. Jersey - The island of Jersey is attractive for its low tax regime and mild climate. The minimum investment for residency costs £125,000 a year and is only open to those earning more than £625,000.

泽西岛——泽西岛因为税率低且和气候温和而特别具有吸引力。可获得永久居住权的最低投资额为一年12.5万英镑，而且只对收入超过62.5万英镑的人开放。

7. United Kingdom - The UK might not be cheap but it is an attractive destination for rich families looking for good private schooling. The residency programme is tiered, asking for £2 million, £5 million and £10 million from investors.

英国——获得英国的永久居住权可能不便宜，但这里对想要享受优质私立教育的有钱人家却是一个非常有吸引力的目的地。英国的永久居住权计划对投资者分为200万英镑、500万英镑和1000万英镑三个等级。

6. Latvia - To obtain a Latvian temporary residence permit, one has to buy real estate worth €250,000 and pay a 5% government fee.

拉脱维亚——要获得拉脱维亚临时居住许可，你必须购入价值25万欧元的房产，并且支付5%的政府费。

5. Spain - The country has a similar programme to Portugal, and a resident permit can be obtained by buying a €500,000 house or investing €2 million in Spanish government debt.

西班牙——西班牙的程序和葡萄牙相似，可以通过购买50万欧元的房产或者投资200万的西班牙政府债券取得。

4. Malta - Malta applies a low 15% tax rate for permanent residents, and the programme can be accessed for relatively little money — the purchase of a €275,000 property should do it.

马耳他——马耳他居民享受15%的低税率，并且获得这一资格花费的钱相对较少——购买27.5万欧元的房产就可以了。

3. Portugal - To obtain Portuguese residency one can create 10 jobs with a business, transfer €1 million into a Portuguese bank or buy a house for €500,000.

葡萄牙——想要获得葡萄牙的永久居住权，你得拥有可以创造10个工作岗位的生意，向葡萄牙银行转存100万欧元，或者购买一套50万欧元的房产。

2. Belgium - A Belgian residency application takes as little as two months to process and employment in the country may be a qualifier on its own, negating the need for investment.

比利时——比利时永久居住权的申请过程只需花上两个月，在该国就业就可以自动获得资格，无需进行投资。

1. Austria - Austria offers 10 different types of residency permit that do not require an investment and which can be used for visa-free travel across the Schengen area.

奥地利——奥地利提供了10种不同类型的永久居住许可，都无需投资，而且在所有申根地区旅游都免签。

来源：独立报