考研英语 近义词、形近词（十六）

sanction, sanitation

sanction    n.认可，准许，批准。

I need my parents' sanction to stay out late.我晚回家需要得到父母的批准。

sanitation    n.公共卫生，环境卫生，卫生设备。

Strict sanitation is used in businesses such as barber shops and restaurants.在理发店和餐馆等营业场所执行严格的公共卫生制度。

accomplishment, attainment, achievement

accomplishment n.成功，成就；才艺，修养。

Climbing that high mountain was an accomplishment for the hikers.对于登山运动员来说，爬上了那座山就是成功。

Being able to paint well is just one of her accomplishments.画画得好只是她的许多才能之一。

attainment n.指学识和造诣(常用作复数)；达到，到达。

a scholar of the highest attainments 造诣极高的学者

achievement n.可指抽象的“成就”，或具体的“成绩”。

alert, cautious, considerate

alert    a.警惕的，留神的。

The hostess remained standing, alert to every guests' drinking need.女主人一直站在旁边，时刻准备给大家斟酒。

cautious    a.细心的，谨慎的。

He has a cautious attitude about spending money.在花钱的问题上他态度谨慎。

considerate    a.关心他人的，体贴的。

He is always considerate of others; he is kind and sympathetic.他总是很体谅他人，并且慈祥而富有同情心。

award, reward

award    v.指正式地或官方地颁发，授予，给予；也可以指法庭裁决给予。

The school principal awarded a prize in history to the best student.学校校长将历史奖授予最出色的学生。

reward    v.酬劳，奖赏，回报，通常指因做了某一件事或提供了某种服务而应得到报酬或酬谢，其后一般以人或人的行为作宾语。

I will reward to the person who returns my lost dog.我将酬谢帮我找回丢失的狗的人。

aware, conscious

aware    a.知道的，意识到的，强调感官对外界事物的意识。

He was aware of his mistake.他意识到自己的错误。

conscious    a.有意识的，意识到的，一般指内心所意识到的。

The salesman is conscious of the fact that he must increase sales.销售员意识到他必须增加销售量。