初中英语语法三大从句的定语从句怎么用?
时间:2019-08-29 14:45:01
来源:平和英语村 作者:Wendy
在初中英语中,主要有三大从句,分别是宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句(包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)
上一期已经分享了宾语从句,今天就跟大家详细分享下这三大从句的定语从句主要语法点,这是重点也是难点,建议大家立刻收藏起来,这是初中三年以及中考的必考内容,以后本站会持续带来更多英语知识!
定语从句
一 定义
在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句
二 先行词
先行词先行词指人 who(主格)/whom(宾格)/whose(所有格)/that
先行词指物 which/ that
定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词(即先行词)后,如...+名词/代词+先行词+定语从句
三 关系代词
关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分,所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词
四 翻译方法 “...的”
Who:先行词指人,则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语
An architect is a person who designs buildings.
建筑师是设计房屋的人
Whom: 先行词指人,则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语), 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom
1.This is the teacher whom/who we like best.
这是我们最喜欢的老师
2.I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.
我不喜欢你和他谈话的那个男孩
whose:先行词指人,也可指物,是所有格,在定语从句中作定语,表示 “…的”
The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad.
其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。
Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here?
我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字,你知道吗?(关系代词 whose 指代先行词 hotel,正式用法应该用of which)
whose window=the window of which=the window of the hotel
which:代替物,在定语从句作主语或宾语,作宾语时还可省略
I don't like stories which have unhappy endings.(which 可换成 that)
我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说
关系代词只能 that 的特殊情况:
1.先行词前有序数词修饰时:
This is the first gift that my parents bought me.
2.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时:
This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.
3.先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.
Is there anything that you want in this shop
4.先行词是人和物时, 用that.
He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.
5.先行词被all , little , the only , the very(就是,正是), the last 等词修饰时,只能用that
This is the last place that I want to visit.
6.特殊疑问句以who 或which 开头,只能用that引导.
Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform?
当关系代词前使用介词时:
物+介词+which 人+ 介词 + whom
1.This is the train by which we went to Beijing.
2.This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.
初中英语的定语从句非常重要,而且容易混乱,英语语法需要不断学习与积累
以上就是定语从句的重点内容,后续会持续分享更多英语知识。
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