榴莲热背后的环境隐忧

 

Once described by a detractor as smelling of “turpentine and onions, garnished with a gym sock”, southeast Asia’s durian fruit leaves no one unmoved – you either adore or abhor it.

曾有一位批评者描述道：“它散发着一股松节油、洋葱和健身袜混合在一起的味道”。可见，人们都不会对东南亚的榴莲无动于衷，要么爱不释口，要么避之不及。

 

① detractor /d?'tr?kt?/ n. 贬低者；诽谤者

例句：But for every fan there is a detractor, critical not just of the monastery's approach but Shi's own lifestyle. 有一个粉丝，就会有一个批评者。 人们不仅批评少林寺的经营方式，还批评释本人的生活方式。

 

② turpentine /'t??p(?)nta?n/ n. 松节油；松脂 vt. 涂松节油 vi. 提取松节油、

例句：The firs perspire a fine balsam of turpentine. 冷杉分泌出一种质地优良的松树胶。

 

③ abhor /?b'h??/ vt. 痛恨，憎恶

例句：They abhor me, they flee far from me, and spare not to spit in my face. 他们厌恶我，躲在旁边站着，不住地吐唾沫在我脸上。

 

Yet for a food so controversial, very little was known about the durian’s genetic makeup until now. There are 30 known species in the Durio family, with D zibethinus the most widely consumed. The thorn-covered fruit, yellow-green in colour, can grow to the size of a rugby ball.

直到现在人们才知道这种如此有争议的水果的基因构成。榴莲属中包括30种已知种类，其中D zibethinus这一种类最受欢迎。这种浑身是刺的黄绿色果实可以长到橄榄球那么大。

 

Photo credit: Getty Images

 

Popular in Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia, the spiny, stinky delicacy is banned from public transport and many hotels because of its strong smell.

榴莲在泰国、马来西亚和印度尼西亚广受欢迎。但由于其强烈刺鼻的气味，公共交通工具和许多酒店都禁止携带这种臭臭的多刺水果。

 

For example, some 4,000 pounds of durian, caused a flight delay  in Indonesia after passengers flying to Jakarta refused to stay on board. Passengers boarded the Sriwijaya Air flight in Bengkulu and quickly got off, unable to bear the intense smell the fruit produces. Some of them almost came “to blows” with the cabin crew, who ultimately unloaded the fruit, The Jakarta Post reported. The delay lasted only an hour and passengers made it to their destination safely.

例如，约4千磅榴莲曾在印度尼西亚导致一次航班延误，一批飞往雅加达的乘客拒绝留在飞机上。乘客在明古鲁登上Sriwijaya Air的航班后，因无法忍受榴莲产生的浓烈气味便很快下了飞机。据《雅加达邮报》报道，一些乘客几乎快要跟机舱工作人员“大打出手”，工作人员最终卸下了榴莲。航班仅延误了一个小时，最后乘客安全地到达目的地。

 

Durian may be banned in some airports, public transport and hotels in Southeast Asia for its pungent smell, but the Chinese are huge fans. Durian-flavored foods sold in China include pizza, butter, salad dressing and milk.

尽管东南亚的一些机场、公共交通和酒店可能因其刺鼻的气味而禁止携带榴莲，但中国人是其巨大的粉丝。在中国销售的榴莲味食品包括披萨、黄油、沙拉酱和牛奶。

 

④ pungent /'p?n(d)?(?)nt/ adj. 辛辣的；刺激性的；刺鼻的；苦痛的；尖刻的

例句：The taste of a truffle is often compared to garlic blended with an earthiness or pungent mushroomy flavor. 块菌的味道常被比作大蒜味并混有泥土之芬芳或辛辣的蘑菇香味。

 

“At first, I also hated durians because I thought they have a weird smell,” said Helen Li, 26, eating at a shop specializing in durian pizza in Shanghai, where nearly every customer ordered the 60 yuan ($8.50) dish during a recent lunch hour rush. “But when you taste it, it’s really quite delicious. I think those who hate durian are scared by its smell. But once you try it, I think their opinion will change.”

“起初，我也讨厌榴莲，因为我觉得它有一种奇怪的味道，”26岁的Helen Li说。她正在上海一家专营榴莲披萨的店里吃饭，几乎每个顾客在最近匆忙的午餐时间都点了这道60元（约合8.5美元）的披萨。 “但是当你吃上几口时，它真的很美味。我觉得那些讨厌榴莲的人是被它的气味吓着了，一旦他们尝试吃上几口，就会改变对榴莲的看法。”

 

At another Shanghai restaurant selling durian chicken hotpot - a type of sizzling broth - for around 148 yuan ($21), owner Chen Weihao said the store could sell around 20 to 25 kg of imported Thai durian every month.

另一家上海餐厅出售榴莲鸡肉火锅 ——一种热气腾腾的肉汤——价格约为148元 。店主陈伟浩表示，该店每月可售出约20至25公斤的进口泰国榴莲。

 

⑤ sizzling /'s?zl??/ adj. 极热的 vi. 发咝咝声

例句：She had earlier said that the state of the sea, which was "sizzling and bubbling" was "exactly the same as in my geography lesson". 蒂莉说当时海水发出咝咝的响声，而且不停的冒泡，和她在地理课上学到的海啸发生前的迹象一模一样。

 

The Malaysian government is encouraging large-scale farming of durian, counting on a 50 percent jump in exports by 2030.

马来西亚政府鼓励大规模种植榴莲，希望到2030年，榴莲出口量将增长50％。

 

 “Before the boom, a durian farm in Malaysia would be a leisure farm ... Now they are hundreds of acres and bigger, and many more will come.”Said Lim Chin Khee, a durian industry consultant. 

榴莲行业顾问Lim Chin Khee说，“在这一波涨势之前，马来西亚的榴莲农场本来是悠闲的......现在这些农场的面积扩展到数百英亩，规模越来越大，而且还会越来越多。”

 

However, forests in the region of Raub in Malaysia are being burned and cleared to make way for durian plantations.

然而，马来西亚Raub地区的森林被烧毁，以清理出空地给榴莲种植园让位。

 

The habitat of one of the world’s most endangered tigers is under threat, according to environmental groups, as forests in Malaysia are cleared to meet growing demand for durians.

随着马来西亚的森林被清除以满足人们对榴莲日益增长的需求，据环境组织称，世界上濒临灭绝的一种老虎的栖息地正受到威胁。

 

Raub is home to the Malayan tiger, which is considered “critically endangered” with fewer than 300 left in the world. Environmental groups have said destroying their habitat could have a “devastating” impact on the tigers’ survival.

Raub是马来亚虎的家园。马来亚虎是“极度濒危”物种，全球仅残存不到300只。 环境组织表示，其栖息地的破坏可能对老虎的生存造成“毁灭性”的影响。

 

Siti Zuraidah Abidin from WWF Malaysia said the Hulu Sempan area, where new plantations are planned, had been designated an “expected tiger habitat”. The area is adjacent to a protected area where the tigers live, she said. Malayan tigers are found only on the Malay Peninsula and in the southern tip of Thailand.

世界自然基金会马来西亚的工作人员Siti Zuraidah Abidin表示，计划发展新种植园的Hulu Sempan地区曾被指定为“未来的老虎栖息地”。 她说，该地区毗邻老虎保护区。马来亚虎现仅残存于马来半岛和泰国南端。

 

⑥ adjacent /?'d?e?s(?)nt/ adj. 邻近的，毗连的

例句：The suicides in adjacent area are incidental coincidence. 邻近区域内的自杀是偶然的巧合.

 

“Land clearing at Hulu Sempam can cause the wider forests to be fragmented, which in turn can affect the wildlife movement,” she said.

“Hulu Sempam的毁林开荒可能导致大面积的森林碎片化，从而影响野生动物的活动，”她说。

 

词组拓展

 

make way for

让路；为…开路

 

例句：The crowd was parted right and left to make way for the party. 群众向左右分开给那一队人让路。

 

例句：But locals now tell stories of how banana groves are being hacked down to make way for homes. 本国人如今讲述的故事是，当地人如何砍伐香蕉树，为建筑让路。

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